Tiamina (Vitamina B1)
- Ampollas 30mg/ml y 200mg/2ml (IV, IM)
- Comprimidos 10, 50, 100 y 250mg (VO)
Resumen Ejecutivo
(Actualización Noviembre 2022)
La tiamina (vitamina B1) es una vitamina hidrosoluble esencial en la producción y utilización de energía celular relacionada con glicólisis aeróbica en el ciclo del ácido cítrico (1, 4). Su deficiencia causa enfermedad cardiovascular (falla cardíaca) y neurológica (síndrome de Wernicke-Korsakoff, “WK”). En el servicio de urgencia la tiamina es frecuentemente indicada en la prevención y tratamiento de WK, principalmente en pacientes con dependencia alcohólica y/o malnutrición (4).
Dosis adulto tratamiento de WK
500mg cada 8 horas IV por 3-5 días, después 250mg al día IV por 3-5 días, después suplementación oral a permanencia.
Considerar suplementar con magnesio (2gr MgSO4 al día).
Dosis Adultos
Dosis adulto para prevención y tratamiento de WK (1, 2, 3, 4)
Prevención de WK
100-250 mg al día IV por 3-5 días, después considerar suplementación diaria VO.
Tratamiento de WK
500mg cada 8 horas IV por 3-5 días, después 250mg al día IV por 3-5 días, después suplementación oral a permanencia.
Considerar suplementar con magnesio (2gr MgSO4 al día).
Referencias
Thomson AD, Cook CC, Touquet R, Henry JA; Royal College of Physicians, London. The Royal College of Physicians report on alcohol: guidelines for managing Wernicke's encephalopathy in the accident and Emergency Department [published correction appears in Alcohol Alcohol. 2003 May-Jun;38(3):291]. Alcohol Alcohol. 2002;37(6):513-521. doi:10.1093/alcalc/37.6.513
PubmedLingford-Hughes AR, Welch S, Peters L, Nutt DJ; British Association for Psychopharmacology, Expert Reviewers Group. BAP updated guidelines: evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological management of substance abuse, harmful use, addiction and comorbidity: recommendations from BAP. J Psychopharmacol. 2012;26(7):899-952. doi:10.1177/0269881112444324
PubmedBoulanger AS, Paquette I, Létourneau G, Richard-Devantoy S. Thiamine et encéphalopathie de Gayet-Wernicke : quelles règles de prescription ? [Wernicke encephalopathy: Guiding thiamine prescription]. Encephale. 2017;43(3):259-267. doi:10.1016/j.encep.2016.04.011
PubmedNelson LS, Howland MA, Lewin NA, et al. Goldfrank’s Toxicologic Emergencies. 11th edition. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education; 2019.
McGraw-Hill
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